Monday 7 November
To Do:
1. Conduct microbes experiment & incubate
2,Collect some references from the internet which relate to your study area,
3. Take some notes (in your own words) ready for a discussion.
Finished?
Have a look at:
The Nikon Photomicrography Competition: This is an international award for outstanding photos using microscopes.
Cells Alive Animation: Which gives you some perspective on how small the microbial world is
To learn how to interpret your results read from the following website
Science Buddies: Interpreting Agar Plates
A Good Discussion Reads regarding Soap & Sanitisers
ABC News: Do alcohol based hand sanitisers really work?
Show me the Science: Hand Sanitisers
Dr Karl: Hot Water & Hand Washing
Dr Karl: On Soap & Hand Washing
Sunday, October 30, 2016
Sunday, October 23, 2016
Endocrine System: Diagnosing your patients
Diagnosing your Patients
What's this funny smell?
A funny smell in urine can be an indication of ketones being present.
Ketone bodies are acids made when your body begins using fat instead of carbohydrates for energy. When there is not enough insulin to get sugar from the blood and into the cells, the body turns to fat for energy. A well known ketone is acetone (used in nail polish remover) and it smells bad! Read more about ketones here
Possible Diagnosis: Renal Tubular Acidosis
Is a form of kidney disease where the kidneys fail to sufficiently acidify the urine. Urine normally should be around pH 5-7 - but patients experiencing RTA will have a more alkaline urine. Causes for this can be an deficiency of the hormone aldosterone, produced by adrenal glands. As the urine is not being sufficiently acidic, the H+ ions are passed into the blood, causing an intense burning pain near the kidneys. Associated with this can be protein in the urine, which are broken down during the acidifying process. Read a bit more about it here
Possible Diagnosis: Ketacidosis:
This is caused when the body exhausts its stores of glycogen (glucose) and starts burning fat for energy. This leads to a build up of ketones, which are a waste product of fat breakdown.
Ketones are acidic in nature which then causes acidic urine. Three main causes of ketacidois is excess alcohol consumption, diabetes and starvation. Read a bit more about it here
Possible Diagnosis: Diabetes:
Diabetes is caused when the pancreas does not produce sufficient amounts of the hormone insulin to regulate blood sugar levels. This causes excess sugar to build up in your blood. As a result your kidneys are put into overtime, as they normally send all glucose back into the bloodstream. The kidneys begin sending glucose into the urine. The excess glucose in the blood stream also dehydrates the cells - which normally are higher in glucose levels than the blood. This dehydration causes the patient to feel thirsty but also urinate more frequently. Ketones in the urine are also a symptom of diabetes, when blood sugar crashes and the body begins synthesizing fats for energy. Read more about it here
Possible Diagnosis: Kidney Infection from Yeast Infection:
Yeast infections commonly occur when a patient is taking antibiotics. Antibiotics,while killing 'bad' bacteria also can kill off 'good' bacteria. Antibiotics do not act on yeast (which is a fungi), and yeast growth is usually kept in check by good bacteria. Hence, when the good bacteria die, yeast proliferates. Kept unchecked a simple yeast infection can travel up the urinary tract into the kidneys and cause kidney infection. This is dangerous, as an infected kidney can easily infect the blood.
Kidney infections are not likely to be caused by hormones: Read more about it kidney infection
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| Image from http://humanbiologylab.pbworks.com/ |
What's this funny smell?
A funny smell in urine can be an indication of ketones being present.
Ketone bodies are acids made when your body begins using fat instead of carbohydrates for energy. When there is not enough insulin to get sugar from the blood and into the cells, the body turns to fat for energy. A well known ketone is acetone (used in nail polish remover) and it smells bad! Read more about ketones here
Possible Diagnosis: Renal Tubular Acidosis
Is a form of kidney disease where the kidneys fail to sufficiently acidify the urine. Urine normally should be around pH 5-7 - but patients experiencing RTA will have a more alkaline urine. Causes for this can be an deficiency of the hormone aldosterone, produced by adrenal glands. As the urine is not being sufficiently acidic, the H+ ions are passed into the blood, causing an intense burning pain near the kidneys. Associated with this can be protein in the urine, which are broken down during the acidifying process. Read a bit more about it here
Possible Diagnosis: Ketacidosis:
This is caused when the body exhausts its stores of glycogen (glucose) and starts burning fat for energy. This leads to a build up of ketones, which are a waste product of fat breakdown.
Ketones are acidic in nature which then causes acidic urine. Three main causes of ketacidois is excess alcohol consumption, diabetes and starvation. Read a bit more about it here
Possible Diagnosis: Diabetes:
Diabetes is caused when the pancreas does not produce sufficient amounts of the hormone insulin to regulate blood sugar levels. This causes excess sugar to build up in your blood. As a result your kidneys are put into overtime, as they normally send all glucose back into the bloodstream. The kidneys begin sending glucose into the urine. The excess glucose in the blood stream also dehydrates the cells - which normally are higher in glucose levels than the blood. This dehydration causes the patient to feel thirsty but also urinate more frequently. Ketones in the urine are also a symptom of diabetes, when blood sugar crashes and the body begins synthesizing fats for energy. Read more about it here
Possible Diagnosis: Kidney Infection from Yeast Infection:
Yeast infections commonly occur when a patient is taking antibiotics. Antibiotics,while killing 'bad' bacteria also can kill off 'good' bacteria. Antibiotics do not act on yeast (which is a fungi), and yeast growth is usually kept in check by good bacteria. Hence, when the good bacteria die, yeast proliferates. Kept unchecked a simple yeast infection can travel up the urinary tract into the kidneys and cause kidney infection. This is dangerous, as an infected kidney can easily infect the blood.
Kidney infections are not likely to be caused by hormones: Read more about it kidney infection
Tuesday, October 4, 2016
The Brain
OPTION 1: BRAIN GENERAL
MAKE:
A brain model (out of plasticine or similar) which details 5 main parts of the brain and their function.
LISTEN:
To one of the podcasts from the Radio National program "All in The Mind". Learn about the history of insanity, mind-reading and other fascinating topics here: All in the Mind Podcast
To Do:
1) Record the title of the talk you listened to.
2) Record some notes which detail:
a) An overview of what was covered in the program
b) Some key points made in the program
c) Some parts you found interesting or challenging
WATCH:
One of the TED talks on the brain. Browse through the list to find a topic that interests you. TED Talk Brain Playlists
To Do:
1) Record the title of the TED talk you listened to.
2) Record some notes which detail:
a) An overview of what was covered in the talk
b) Some key points made in the talk
c) Some parts you found interesting or challenging
OPTION 2: HEAD INJURIES IN SPORT
To Do:
1. Go over the resources below to create a definition for concussion - don't just use Google definitions!
2. Pull out some key facts about concussions from the studies (in the links below, dot point fine)
3. What are some of the key issues involved with concussions and young people (dot point fine)?
4. How are attitudes to concussions changing? What advancements have led to this change in attitude?
5. How have advances in technology allowed for concussion prevention and management?
6. Given what you've read, what is your personal opinion about the number of concussions a high school athlete could 'get away with' before being sidelined from their sport permanently?
Suggested Links
Scientific Study: Traumatic Brain Injury in Victorian Hospitals
https://www.mja.com.au/journal/2013/198/8/increasing-incidence-hospitalisation-sport-related-concussion-victoria-australia Focus specifically on the 'Results' section to find some interesting facts
https://www.mja.com.au/journal/2013/198/8/increasing-incidence-hospitalisation-sport-related-concussion-victoria-australia Focus specifically on the 'Results' section to find some interesting facts
TED Talk: Kim Gorgens on protecting the brain against concussion
Hack Interview: Ian Roberts and Dr. Ian McDougall (audio podcast)
Significant Advances in Technology Being Made in Concussion Technology (video)
Interactive Image: Head Injuries of a 21 year NFL player
Concussion: Symptoms, Causes, Risk Factors & Treatment
http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/concussion/basics/definition/con-20019272
OPTION 3: INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY or ILLNESS
EITHER: Answer all 4 questions
1. Describe the condition that you are studying: How is it contracted? How does it effect individuals (bear in mind there is often a 'spectrum' of effects so ensure you cover this)
2. How has opinions and understanding of this condition changed over time? What were some milestones in advancing our understanding and treatment of this condition?
3. Write a case study of a person that is affected by your intellectual disability. This could be either someone in your life, or find a case study on the internet (Mrs. McW can help with this). The purpose of the case study is to give a real life example of how someone is effected by their intellectual disability/illness. Think carefully about
4. Use the 'Google News' tab (in Google) to find some current advances or news in the particular condition you are studying. Summarise one recent (and relevant) article. Make sure you cite it.
OR
Answer questions 1 & 4 (only) and
Summarize a TED talk on the topic of your choice TED Talk Brain Playlists or a All in the Mind Podcast
OR
Answer questions 1 & 4 (only) and
Summarize a TED talk on the topic of your choice TED Talk Brain Playlists or a All in the Mind Podcast
Your Assessment
Have you communicated that....
1. You understood the topic and could communicate your understanding clearly and with adequate depth and detail expected by a Year 9 student
Through this you should show that you understand:
1. You understood the topic and could communicate your understanding clearly and with adequate depth and detail expected by a Year 9 student
Through this you should show that you understand:
1. The values and needs of contemporary society can influence the focus of scientific research
2. Advances in science and emerging sciences and technologies can significantly affect people’s lives
3. People can use scientific knowledge to evaluate whether they should accept claims, explanations or predictions
4. Scientific understanding, including models and theories, are contestable and are refined over time through a process of review by the scientific community
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